The relationship between individual empowerment and health-promoting lifestyle among women NGOs in northern Iran
Keywords:
Empowerment; Life style; NGOsAbstract
Introduction: According to the health-promoting approach, people should be empowered such that they take responsibility for their health and follow a healthy lifestyle. Empowerment is a process in which people confront problems and tasks in their lives in order to better control them. This study was conducted to specify the relationship between individual empowerment and health-promoting lifestyle among women NGOs of northern Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 290 women NGOs of Guilan Province were selected randomly using multistage cluster sampling, and were examined using the questionnaire of health-promoting lifestyle profile II and individual empowerment inventory scale. Data were analyzed using STATA 11 software via one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression.
Results: Both variables of individual empowerment and health-promoting lifestyle were of favorable status among the population under study. The highest score in individual empowerment belonged to the domain of social support and the highest score in lifestyle belonged to spiritual growth. A significant relationship was found between individual empowerment and health-promoting lifestyle (p<0.001). The highest correlation between individual empowerment and dimensions of health-promoting lifestyle was related to interpersonal relationships. In addition, it was specified that 21% of lifestyle variance could be explained by individual empowerment.
Conclusion: There is a relation between individual empowerment and health-promoting lifestyle. Individual empowerment is a predictive variable to have a health-promoting lifestyle. Therefore, by increasing individuals' empowerment, their healthy lifestyle can be promoted
References
Maheri AB, Bahrami MN, Sadeghi R. The Situation of Health-Promoting Lifestyle among the Students
Living in Dormitories of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Journal of Health and Development.
; 1(4): 275-86.
Fayazbakhsh A, Khajeh KR, Soleymani NM, Rahimi F, Jahangiri L, Heydari S, et al. The Internet Using
And Health: Students' knowledge, Attitude And Lifestyle Related To The Internet. Hakim. 2011; 14(2): 96- 105.
Tol A, Tavassoli E, Shariferad GR, Shojaezadeh D. The relation between health-promoting lifestyle and
quality of life in undergraduate students at school of health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Health
System Research. 2011; 7(4).
Naghibi F, Golmakani N, Esmaily H, Moharari F. The relationship between life style and the health related
quality of life among the girl students of high schools in Mashhad, 2012-2013. Iranian Journal of
Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2013; 16(61): 9-19.
Monahan FD, Phipps WJ. Phipps' medical-surgical nursing: health and illness perspectives: Recording for
the Blind & Dyslexic; 2008.
Laverack G. Health Promotion Practice: Building Empowered Communities: Building Empowered
Communities: McGraw-Hill International; 2007.
Mohamadian H, Eftekhar Ah, Taghdisi Mh, Mousavi Ga, Sabahi Bm. Psychometric properties of the
health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP II) in a sample of Iranian adolescents. Payesh. 2013; 12(2): 167- 176.
Abdi J, Eftekhar H, Mahmoodi M, Shojayzadeh D, Sadeghi R. Lifestyle of Employees working in
Hamadan Departments: An Application of the Trans-Theoretical Model. Journal of Education and
Community Health. 2014; 1(1): 46-54. doi: 10.20286/jech-010146.
Beser A, Bahar Z, Buyukkaya D. Health promoting behaviors and factors related to lifestyle among
Turkish workers and occupational health nurses' responsibilities in their health promoting activities. Ind
Health. 2007; 45(1): 151-9. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.45.151. PMID: 17284887.
Woodall J, Raine G, South J, Warwick-Booth L. Empowerment & health and well-being: evidence review.
Project Report. Centre for Health Promotion Research, Leeds Metropolitan University. 2010. Available
from: http://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/id/eprint/2172.
Magar V. Empowerment approaches to gender-based violence: women's courts in Delhi slums. Women's
Studies International Forum. 2003; 26(6): 509-23. doi: 10.1016/j.wsif.2003.09.006.
Zeidi IM, Hajiagha AP, Zeidi BM. Reliability and validity of Persian version of the health-promoting
lifestyle profile. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2012; 22: 103-13.
Laverack G. Improving health outcomes through community empowerment: a review of the literature.
Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2006; 24(1): 113-20. PMID: 16796158.
Edge S, Newbold KB, McKeary M. Exploring socio-cultural factors that mediate, facilitate, & constrain the
health and empowerment of refugee youth. Social Science & Medicine. 2014; 117: 34-41. doi:
1016/j.socscimed.2014.07.025. PMID: 25036014.
Kiani Z, Simbar M, Dolatian M, Zayeri F. Correlation between Social Determinants of Health and
Women’s Empowerment in Reproductive Decision-Making among Iranian Women. Glob J Health Sci.
; 8(9): 312-21. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n9p312. PMID: 27157184, PMCID: PMC5064082.
Enjezab B, Farajzadegan Z, Taleghani F, Aflatoonian A, Morowatisharifabad MA. Health promoting
behaviors in a population-based sample of middle-aged women and its relevant factors in Yazd, Iran. Int J
Prev Med. 2012; 3(Suppl1): S191-8. PMID: 22826765, PMCID: PMC3399308.
Flattery M, Salyer J, Maltby M, Joyner P, Elswick R. Lifestyle and health status differ over time in longterm heart transplant recipients. Prog Transplant. 2006; 16(3): 232-8. doi: 10.1177/152692480601600308.
PMID: 17007158.
Sousa P, Gaspar P, Vaz DC, Gonzaga S, Dixe MA. Measuring Health-Promoting Behaviors: Cross- Cultural Validation of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II. Int J Nurs Knowl. 2015; 26(2): 54-61. doi:
1111/2047-3095.12065. PMID: 25389054.
Cao WJ, Chen CS, Hua Y, Li YM, Xu YY, Hua QZ. Factor analysis of a health-promoting lifestyle profile
(HPLP): Application to older adults in Mainland China. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012; 55(3): 632-8. doi:
1016/j.archger.2012.07.003. PMID: 22854282.
Malakouti J, Sehhati F, Mirghafourvand M, Nahangi R. Relationship between Health Promoting Lifestyle
and Perceived Stress in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia. J Caring Sci. 2015; 4(2): 155. doi:
15171/jcs.2015.016. PMID: 26161369, PMCID: PMC4484990.
Hall M. The effect of comprehensive performance measurement systems on role clarity, psychological
empowerment and managerial performance. Accounting, Organizations and Society. 2008; 33(2): 141-63.
doi: 10.1016/j.aos.2007.02.004.
Nedjat S, Majdzadeh R, Kheiltash A, Jamshidi E, Yazdani S. Social capital in association with
socioeconomic variables in Iran. Social indicators research. 2013; 113(3): 1153-70.
Sadi H, Jalilian S, Yaghubifarani A. The Influence of Home based Businesses on Rural Women's Social
Empowerment. Sociology of women (journal of woman and society). 2014; 5(3): 85-107.
Soares MF, Ferreira RC, Pazzini CA, Travassos DV, Paiva SM, Ferreira EFE. Individual and collective
empowerment and associated factors among Brazilian adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health.
; 15: 775. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2113-7. PMID: 26264129, PMCID: PMC4533936.
Baghianimoghadam M, Ehrampoush M, Ardian N, Soltani T. A research about health promoting activities
(lifestyle) at employees. tkj. 2013; 5(3): 79-87.
Alkhawaldeh O. Health promoting lifestyles of Jordanian university students. International Journal of
Advanced Nursing Studies. 2014; 3(1): 27-31.
Heidari F, Mohammad Khan Kermanshahi S, Vanaki Z. The effect of a supportive health promotion
program on the lifestyle of premenopause teachers. FEYZ. 2013; 17(1): 14-24.
Laverack G, Labonte R. A planning framework for community empowerment goals within health
promotion. Health Policy Plan. 2000; 15(3): 255-62. doi: 10.1093/heapol/15.3.255. PMID: 11012399.
James W, Gary R, Jane S, Louise WB. empowerment and health & well-being: Yorkshire & Humber
Public Health Observatory. 2010.
World Health Organization, editor Declaration of Alma-Ata. Geneva: World Health Organization.
International Conference on Primary health Care Alma-Ata. Accessed 14th; 1978. Available from:
http://www who int/publications/almaata_ declaration_en pdf.
World Health Organization. Sundsvall statement on supportive environments for health, 1991, Sundsvall,
Sweden; 1992.
Promotion ICoH, Organization WHO. The Jakarta declaration on leading health promotion into the 21st
century: adopted at the Fourth International Conference on Health Promotion, 1997, Jakarta, Republic of
Indonesia: Verlag für Gesundheitsförderung Conrad; 1997.
World Health Organization. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Geneva: World Health Organization;
, 2009.
Neighbors HW, Braithwaite RL, Thompson E. Health promotion and African-Americans: from personal
empowerment to community action. Am J Health Promot. 1995; 9(4): 281-7. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171- 9.4.281. PMID: 10150731.
Fisher BJ, Gosselink CA. Enhancing the efficacy and empowerment of older adults through group
formation. J Gerontol Soc Work. 2008; 51(1-2): 2-18. doi: 10.1080/01634370801967513. PMID:
Jacobs G. Imagining the flowers, but working the rich and heavy clay: participation and empowerment in
action research for health. Educational Action Research. 2006; 14(4): 569-81. doi:
1080/09650790600975809.
Aday RH, Kehoe G. Working in old age: benefits of participation in the senior community service
employment program. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health. 2008; 23(1-2): 125-45. doi:
1080/15555240802189521.
Wallerstein N. What is the evidence on effectiveness of empowerment to improve health? Copenhagen,
Denmark, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Health Evidence Network, 2006. 37 p.
(Health Evidence Network Report).
Ochieng B. Factors affecting choice of a healthy lifestyle: implications for nurses. Br J Community Nurs.
; 11(2): 78-81. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2006.11.2.20445. PMID: 16493312.
Maunsell E, Lauzier S, Brunet J, Pelletier S, Osborne RH, Campbell HS. Health-related empowerment in
cancer: Validity of scales from the Health Education Impact Questionnaire. Cancer. 2014; 120(20): 3228- 36. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28847. PMID: 24988944.
Tangney JP, Baumeister RF, Boone AL. High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better
grades, and interpersonal success. J pers. 2004;72(2): 271-324. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x.
PMID: 15016066.
Baljani E, Salimi S, Rahimi J, Amanpour E, Parkhashjou M, Sharifnejad A, et al. The effect of education
on promoting self efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci. 2012;
(3): 227-35.
Sadeghi M, Ebrahimi H, Bazghaleh M. Relationship between empowerment with dimensions of quality of
life and some related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in the Shahroud city, 2013. Journal of Clinical
Nursing and Midwifery. 2015; 3(4): 29-38.
McCorkle R, Ercolano E, Lazenby M, Schulman-Green D, Schilling LS, Lorig K, et al. Self- management:
Enabling and empowering patients living with cancer as a chronic illness. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011; 61(1):
-62. doi: 10.3322/caac.20093. PMID: 21205833, PMCID: PMC3058905.
Laverack G. A-z of health promotion. UK: Palgrave Macmillan; 2013.
Hatzidimitriadou E. Political ideology, helping mechanisms and empowerment of mental health self- help/mutual aid groups. Journal of community & applied social psychology. 2002; 12(4): 271-85 doi:
1002/casp.681.
Catano VM, Pond M, Kevin Kelloway E. Exploring commitment and leadership in volunteer organizations.
Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 2001; 22(6): 256-63. doi: 10.1108/01437730110403187.
Pratchett L, Durose C, Lowndes V, Smith G, Stoker G, Wales C. Empowering communities to influence
local decision making: A systematic review of the evidence. London, UK: Communities and Local
Government Publications; 2009.
O'Mara-Eves A, Brunton G, McDaid G, Oliver S, Kavanagh J, Jamal F, et al. Community engagement to
reduce inequalities in health: a systematic review, meta-analysis and economic analysis. Public Health
Research. 2013; 1(4). doi: 10.3310/phr01040. PMID: 25642563.
Baloui E, Bagherzadeh MR, Tabari M, Roshanbakhsh F. The survey of empowerment of NGO's
organization in Mazandaran. Quarterly Journal of Productively Management. 2011; 5(18): 99-123.
The Canadian International Development Agency. Engaging Stakeholders And Business-Ngo Partnerships
In Developing Countries: Maximizing An Increasingly Important Source of Value. Canada: CICR; 1999
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 KNOWLEDGE KINGDOM PUBLISHING
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
