Evaluation of hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV virus Serology pandemic in thalassemia patients of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran
Keywords:
Thalassemia, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIVAbstract
Introduction: Thalassemia patients are prone to the hepatitis C, B, and HIV virus, due to their constant need to receive blood transfusions. Therefore, this research was aimed to determine the epidemic of the aforementioned diseases in thalassemia patients of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on thalassemia patients visiting the Thalassemia Hospital of Bandar Abbas from March 21, 2014, to March 22, 2015. Checklists were used to collect the data. HBS-Ag, HCV-Ab, and HIV-Ab tests have been registered for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV virus, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19 by Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and independent samples t-test.
Results: Among 587 records administered into the research, 280 individuals (47.7 %) were men and (52.3 %) were female. The average age of participants was 18.01 ± 9.31 years. The youngest was 1 years old, and the oldest was 46 years old. Four patients under the study (0.7 %) were positive for HBV; 60 (10.2 %) were HCV positive. However, no one in the study was diagnosed HIV positive. In the case of spread, there was no significant difference regarding age and sex in HBV patients. However, in HCV patients, significant differences were found (p=0.044 for gender and p=0.001 for age).
Conclusion: In thalassemia, hepatitis C had the highest rate of spread. According to the screening, it was much anticipated that the trend should be falling, but the results show the contrary. Hence, it is recommended that more precise methods such as PCR be used.
References
Ansar MM, Kooloobandi A. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in thalassemia and haemodialysis
patients in north Iran‐Rasht. J Viral Hepat. 2002; 9(5): 390-2. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2002.00368.x.
PMID: 12225335.
Mirmomen S, Alavian SM, Hajarizadeh B, Kafaee J, Yektaparast B, Zahedi MJ, et al. Epidemiology of
hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus infecions in patients with beta-thalassemia in
Iran: a multicenter study. Arch Iran Med. 2006; 9(4): 319-23. PMID: 17061602.
Jamal R, Fadzillah G, Zulkifli SZ, Yasmin M. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, CMV and HIV in
multiply transfused thalassemia patients: results from a thalassemia day care center in Malaysia. Southeast
Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998; 29(4): 792-4. PMID: 10772566.
Borgna-Pignatti C, Rugolotto S, De Stefano P, Zhao H, Cappellini MD, Del Vecchio GC, et al. Survival
and complications in patients with thalassemia major treated with transfusion and deferoxamine.
Haematologica. 2004; 89(10): 1187-93. PMID: 15477202.
Yadollahi S, Hamadiyan H, Pour Ashouri F, Fallahi S, Parvizpanah A, Rasekhi S. Trends in the Lipid
Profile, Mean Age and Fatality of Patients with Myocardial Infarction in the South of Iran from 2008 to
Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2016; 5(6): 221-8. Available From: http://ijmrhs.com/trends-in-the-lipid- profile-mean-age-and-fatality-of-patients-with-myocardial-infarction-in-the-south-of-iran-from-2008-to- 2014/.
Olivieri NF, Nathan DG, MacMillan JH, Wayne AS, Liu PP, McGee A, et al. Survival in medically treated
patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med. 1994; 331(9): 574-8. doi:
1056/NEJM199409013310903. PMID: 8047081.
Pruett CR, Vermeulen M, Zacharias P, Ingram C, Tayou Tagny C, Bloch EM. The use of rapid diagnostic
tests for transfusion infectious screening in Africa: a literature review. Transfus Med Rev. 2015; 29(1): 35- 44. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2014.09.003. PMID: 25447555.
Singh H, Pradhan M, Singh RL, Phadke S, Naik SR, Aggarwal R, et al. High frequency of hepatitis B virus
infection in patients with β‐thalassemia receiving multiple transfusions. Vox Sang. 2003; 84(4): 292-9.
doi: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2003.00300.x. PMID: 12757503.
Inati A, Taher A, Ghorra S, Koussa S, Taha M, Aoun E, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of peginterferon
alpha‐2a with or without ribavirin in thalassaemia major patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Br J Haematol. 2005; 130(4): 644-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05645.x. PMID: 16098081.
Ocak S, Kaya H, Cetin M, Gali E, Ozturk M. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in patients with
thalassemia and sickle cell anemia in a long-term follow-up. Arch Med Res. 2006; 37(7): 895-8. doi:
1016/j.arcmed.2006.04.007. PMID: 16971232.
Hesam AA, Taghipour L, Rasekhi S, Fallahi S, Hesam Z. Investigating the Multiple Aspects of Mental
Health in Infertile Women. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2016; 1-5. doi: 10.1007/s11469-016-9675-1.
Ansari H, Kamani H, Arbabi-Sarjo A. Prevalence of hepatitis C and related factors among beta-thalassemia
major patients in Southern Iran in 2005-2006. J Med Sci. 2007; 7(6): 997-1002. Available From:
http://198.170.104.138/jms/2007/997-1002.pdf. doi: 10.3923/jms.2007.997.1002.
Yaghobi R, Afkari R, Mohsenzadeh M, Jafari M, Khorrami H, Pirouzi A. A study on the serologic and
molecular prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in patients with
thalassemia in Larestan of Iran. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2012; 6(29): 5866-70. doi: 10.5897/AJMR11.1274.
Manisha S, Sanjeev K, Seema N, Dilip C, Rashmi D. A Cross-Sectional Study on Burden of Hepatitis C,
Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis in Multi-Transfused Thalassemia Major Patients Reporting to a Government
Hospital of Central India. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2015; 31(3): 367-73. doi: 10.1007/s12288- 014-0462-5. PMID: 26085723, PMCID: PMC4465515.
Ataei B, Hashemipour M, Kassaian N, Hassannejad R, Nokhodian Z, Adibi P. Prevalence of anti HCV
infection in patients with Beta-thalassemia in isfahan-iran. Int J Prev Med. 2012; 3(Suppl 1): S118-23.
PMID: 22826753, PMCID: PMC3399295.
Calderón GM, González-Velázquez F, González-Bonilla CR, Novelo-Garza B, Terrazas JJ, Martínez- Rodríguez ML, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and human
immunodeficiency virus in multiply transfused recipients in Mexico. Transfusion. 2009; 49(10): 2200-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02248.x. PMID: 19538543.
Vidja PJ, Vachhani JH, Sheikh SS, Santwani PM. Blood transfusion transmitted infections in multiple
blood transfused patients of Beta thalassaemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2011; 27(2): 65-9. doi:
1007/s12288-011-0057-3. PMID: 22654294, PMCID: PMC3136674.
Chakrabarty P, Rudra S, Hossain MA. Prevalence of HBV and HCV among the multi-transfused beta
thalassemic major patients in a day care centre of blood transfusion department of Mymensingh Medical
College Hospital. Mymensingh Med J. 2014; 23(2): 235-41. PMID: 24858148.
Ansari SH, Shamsi TS, Khan MT, Perveen K, Farzana T, Erum S, et al. Seropositivity of Hepatitis C,
Hepatitis B and HIV in Chronically Transfused ββ-Thalassaemia Major Patients. J Coll Physicians Surg
Pak. 2012; 22(9): 610-1. doi: 09.2012/JCPSP.610611. PMID: 22980623.
Riaz H, Riaz T, Ullah F, Aziz S, Khan MU, Pervaiz R, et al. Assessment of the seroprevalence of viral
hepatitis B, viral hepatitis C and HIV in multitransfused thalassaemia major patients in Karachi, Pakistan.
Trop Doct. 2011; 41(1): 23-5. doi: 10.1258/td.2010.100158. PMID: 20940290.
Remesar M, Gamba C, Kuperman S, Marcosa MA, Miguez G, Caldarola S, et al. Antibodies to hepatitis C
and other viral markersin multi-transfused patients from Argentina. J Clin Virol. 2005; 34 Suppl 2: S20-6.
doi: 10.1016/S1386-6532(05)80030-7. PMID: 16461236.
Harmatz P, Jonas MM, Kwiatkowski JL, Wright EC, Fischer R, Vichinsky E, et al. Safety and efficacy of
pegylated interferon α-2a and ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C in patients with thalassemia.
Haematologica. 2008; 93(8): 1247-51. doi: 10.3324/haematol.12352. PMID: 18556414.
Li CK, Chan PK, Ling SC, Ha SY. Interferon and ribavirin as frontline treatment for chronic hepatitis C
infection in thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol. 2002; 117(3): 755-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365- 2141.2002.03491.x. PMID: 12028054.
Di Marco V, Capra M, Angelucci E, Borgna-Pignatti C, Telfer P, Harmatz P, et al. Management of chronic
viral hepatitis in patients with thalassemia: recommendations from an international panel. Blood. 2010;
(16): 2875-83. doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-11-248724. PMID: 20551378.
Al‐Sheyyab M, Batieha A, El‐Khateeb M. The Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human
Immune Deficiency Virus Markers in Multi‐transfused Patients. J Trop Pediatr. 2001; 47(4): 239-42. doi:
1093/tropej/47.4.239. PMID: 11523766.
Ansari Fard S, Rasekhi S, Ashoorian MJ, Parvizpanah A. Knowledge of dentists of Bandar Abbas toward
anaphylactic shock. Int J Pharm Tech Res. 2016; 9(4): 299-302.
Wanachiwanawin W, Luengrojanakul P, Sirangkapracha P, Leowattana W, Fucharoen S. Prevalence and
clinical significance of hepatitis C virus infection in Thai patients with thalassemia. Int J Hematol. 2003;
(4): 374-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02983565. PMID: 14686498.
Sievert W, Pianko S, Warner S, Bowden S, Simpson I, Bowden D, et al. Hepatic iron overload does not
prevent a sustained virological response to interferon-α therapy: a long term follow-up study in hepatitis Cinfected patients with β thalassemia major. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002; 97(4): 982-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1572- 0241.2002.05550.x. PMID: 12003436.
Borgna-Pignatti C, Cappellini MD, De Stefano P, Del Vecchio GC, Forni GL, Gamberini MR, et al.
Survival and complications in thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005; 1054(1): 40-7. doi:
1196/annals.1345.006. PMID: 16339650.
Boroujerdnia MG, Assareh Zadegan MA, Zandian KM, Haghirizadeh Rodan M. Prevalence of hepatitis-C
virus (HCV) among thalassemia patients in Khuzestan Province, Southwest Iran. Pak J Med Sci Q. 2009;
(1): 113-7. doi: 10.1.1.318.3811.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 KNOWLEDGE KINGDOM PUBLISHING
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
