Effects of some insecticides on longevity of the foragers honey bee worker of local honey bee race Apis mellifera jemenatica

Authors

  • Roqaya Mohammed Almehmadi Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, AL Faisaliah Campus, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Keywords:

pesticides, longevity, worker honeybee foragers, Apis mellifera jemenatica

Abstract

Introduction: Honeybees are constantly exposed to a wide range of vital and non-vital pressures that may interact with each other and affect the health or survival of the insects. Pesticides are the main danger for the insects, and they subsequently have impacts on human and environmental health.

Methods: Field research was conducted in the apiary of Hada Al Sham Research Station, where the worker honeybees forager Apis mellifera jemenatica were selected to examine the effect of pesticides on workers’ longevity. We used three insecticides, i.e., deltamethrin, malathion, and abamectin, in different concentrations. The longevity of worker honeybee foragers was calculated; the honeybees were supplied with water, food, natural protein, and sugar solution laced with selected insecticide by mouth under laboratory conditions. 

Results: The longest period of insect longevity was 15.5 days when using deltamethrin concentrate at a concentration of 1.00 ppm; the lowest longevity was two days when using abamectin at a concentration 1.00 ppm. The longevity of the unexposed forager worker honeybees was 18 days, as the variation in the intensity of the effect of the insecticide on the bees appeared with the severity of the effect diminishing in the order of abamectin followed by malathion followed by deltamethrin. 

Conclusion: The study found that the type and concentration of the insecticides that are found in the honeybees’ food had a significant impact on the time of survival of the insects. The longevity of a worker honeybee depends on the health and safety of all of the members of the beehive, and safe alternatives to insecticides must be used because of the danger imposed by the application of insecticides on the continuity of life of the entire society depends on the life of this layer bee community.

 

References

ferences

Holmstrup M, Bindesbøl A-M, Oostingh GJ, Duschl A, Scheil V. Interactions between effects of

environmental chemicals and natural stressors: a Review. Sci Total Environ. 2010; 408: 3746–62. doi:

1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.067, PMID: 19922980.

Gonza´lez-Varo JP, Biesmeijer JC, Bommarco R, Potts SG, Schweiger O. Combined effects of global

change pressures on animal-mediated pollination. Trends Ecol Evol. 2013; 28: 524–30. doi:

1016/j.tree.2013.05.008, PMID: 23746938.

Rossi CA, Roat TC, Tavares DA, Cintra-Socolowski P, Malaspina O. Brain Morphophysiology of

Africanized Bee Apis mellifera Exposed to Sublethal Doses of Imidacloprid. Arch Environ Contam

Toxicol. Springer Science+Business Media New York. 2013. doi: 10.1007/s00244-013-9897-1.

Pettis JS, Delaplane KS. Coordinated responses to honey bee decline in the USA. Apidologie. 2010; 41(3):

-63. doi: 10.1051/apido/2010013.

Colin ME, Bonmatin JM, Moineau I, Gaimon C, Brun S, Vermandere JP. A method to quantify and

analyze the foraging activity of honey bees: Relevance to the sublethal effects induced by systemic

insecticides. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004; 47: 387-95. doi: 10.1007/s00244-004-3052-y, PMID:

Cox-Foster DL, Con DL, Clan S, Holmes EC, Palacios G, Evans JD, et al. A metagenomic survey of

microbes in honey bee colony collapse disorder. Science. 2007; 318(5848): 283-7. doi:

1126/science.1146498, PMID: 17823314.

Potts SG, Biesmeijer JC, Kremen C, Neumann P, Schweiger O, Kunin WE. (2010) Global pollinator

declines: trends, impacts and drivers. Trends Ecol Evol. 2010; 25: 345-53. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2010.01.007,

PMID: 20188434.

Johnson BR. Division of labor in honeybees: form, function, and proximate mechanisms, Behav Ecol

Sociobiol, 2010; 64: 305-16. doi: 10.1007/s00265-009-0874-7, PMID: 20119486, PMCID: PMC2810364.

Bernal J, Garrido-Bailón E, Del-Nozal MJ, González-Porto AV, Martín-Hernández R, Diego JC, et al.

Overview of pesticide residues in stored pollen and their potential effect on bee colony (Apis mellifera)

losses in Spain. J Econ Entomol. 2010; 103: 1964-71. doi: 10.1603/EC10235, PMID: 21309214.

Van Engelsdorp D, Evans JD, Saegerman C, Mullin C, Haubruge E, Nguyen BK, et al. Colony collapse

disorder: a descriptive study. PLoS One. 2009; 4(8): e6481. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006481, PMID:

, PMCID: PMC2715894.

Antúnez K, D’Alessandro B, Corbella E, Zunino P. Detection of chronic bee paralysis virus and acute bee

paralysis virus in Uruguayan honeybees. J Invertebr Pathol. 2005; 90(1): 69-72. doi:

1016/j.jip.2005.07.001, PMID: 16169006.

Mullin CA, Frazier M, Frazier JL, Ashcraft S, Simonds R, van Engelsdorp, et al. High levels of miticides

and agrochemicals in North American apiaries: Implications for honey bee health, Plos One. 2010; 5(3):

e9754. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009754, PMID: 20333298, PMCID: PMC2841636.

Wu JY, Anelli CM, Sheppard WS. Sub-Lethal Effects of Pesticide Residues in Brood Comb on Worker

Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Development and Longevity, PLoS ONE. 2010; 6(2): e14720. doi:

1371/journal.pone.0014720, PMID: 21373182, PMCID: PMC3044129.

Maxim L, Sluijs J. Emerging lessons from ecosystems. Late lessons from early warnings: science,

precaution, innovation. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013: 369-94. doi:

2800/73322

Karise R, Muljar R, Smagghe G, Kaart T, Kuusik A, Dreyersdorff G, et al. Sublethal effects of kaolin and

the biopesticides Prestop-Mix and Botani Gard on metabolic rate, water loss and longevity in bumble bees

(Bombus terrestris). J Pest Sci. doi: 10.1007/s10340-015-0649-z.

Al-ghamdi AA. The effect of pollen supplementary feeding on some activities of honeybee colonies during

summer season in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .Saudi J Biol Sci. 2002; 9(2): 85-94.

Oldroyd BP, Nanork P. Conservation of Asian honey bees. Apidologie. 2009; 40: 296–312. doi:

1051/apido/2009021.

Khoury DS, Myerscough MR, Barron AB. A Quantitative Model of Honey Bee Colony Population

Dynamics. Plos One. 2011; 6(4): e18491. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018491, PMID: 21533156, PMCID:

PMC3078911.

Kakmand FA, Mahmoud TT, Amin AM. The Role of Three Insecticides in Disturbance The Midgut

Tissue in Honeybee Apis mellifera L. Workers, Kurdistan 1st Conference on Biological Sciences. J

Dohuk Univ, 2008;11(1): 144-51.

Bortolotti L, Montanari R, Marcelino J, Medrzycki P, Maini S, Porrini C. Effects of sub-lethal imidacloprid

doses on the homing rate and foraging activity of honey bees. Bull Insectol. 2003; 56(1): 63-7.

Medrzycki P, Montanari R, Bortolotti L, Sabatini AG, Maini S, Porrini C. Effects of imidacloprid

administered in sub-lethal doses on honey bee behaviour. Laboratory tests. Bull Insectol. 2003; 56(1): 59- 62.

Pohorecka K. Effect of standardized plant herb extracts on general condition of the honey bee (Apis

mellifera L.). Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2004; 48: 415-9.

Hatjina F, Papaethimiou C, Charistos L, Dogaroglu T, Bouga M, Emmanoull C, et al. Sublethal doses of

imidacloprid decreased size of hypopharyngeal glands and respiratory rhythm of honeybees in vivo.

Apidologie. INRA, DIB and Springer-Verlag France. 2013; 44(4): 467-80. doi: 10.1007/s13592-013-0199- 4.

Laurino D, Manino A, Patetta A, Porporato M. Toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides on different honey

bee genotypes. Bull Insectol. 2013; 66(1): 119-26.

Fletcher M, Barnett L. Bee poisoning incidents in the United Kingdom. Bull Insectol. 2003; 56(1):141-5.

Devine GJ, Furlong MJ. Insecticide use: contexts and ecological consequences. Agr Hum Values. 2007;

(3): 281–306. doi: 10.1007/s10460-007-9067-z.

Freitas BM, Imperatriz-Fonseca VL, Medina LM, Kleinert AMP, Galleto L. Diversity,threats and

conservation of native bees in the Neotropics. Apidologie. 2009; 40(3): 332-46. doi:

1051/apido/2009012.

Rortais A, Arnold G, Halm MP, Touffet-Briens F. Modes of honeybees exposure to systemic insecticides:

estimated amounts of contaminated pollen and nectar consumed by different categories of bees.

Apidologie. 2005; 36(1): 71-83. doi: 10.1051/apido:2004071.

Vosscher PK, Dukas R. Survivorship of foraging honey bees. Insectes Sociaux. 1997; 44: 1–5. doi:

1007/s000400050017.

Smirle MJ, Winston ML, Woodward KL. Development of a sensitive bioassay for evaluating sublethal

pesticide effects on the honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J Econ Entomol. 1984; 77: 63-7. doi:

1093/jee/77.1.63.

MacKenzie KE. The effect of sublethal pesticide exposure on temporal division of labour and longevity in

the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.), MPM contribution, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.

Bonmatin JM, Marchand PA, Cotte JF, Aajoud A, Casabianca H, Goutailler G, et al. Bees and systemic

insecticides (imidacloprid, fipronil) in pollen: subnano-quantification by HPLC/MS/MS and GC/MS,

Environmental fate and ecological effects of pesticides, Re, A.A.M.d. et al., editors, 2007; 827-834, 978-8- 87830-473-4.

Deseneux N, Decourtye A, Delpeuch JM. The sub-lethal effects of pesticides on beneficial arthropods,

Annu Rev Entomol . 2007; 52: 81-106. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091440, PMID: 16842032.

Barnett EA, Charlton AJ, Fletcher MR. Incidents of bee poisoning with pesticides in the United Kingdom

–2003. Pest Manag Sci. 2007; 63(11): 1051–7. doi: 10.1002/ps.1444, PMID: 17918188.

Pinheiro JN, Freitas BM. Efeitos letais dos pesticidas agrícolas sobre polinizadores e perspectivas de

manejo para os agroecossistemas brasileiros. Oecol Aust. 2010; 14(1): 266–81. doi:

4257/oeco.2010.1401.16.

Van Engelsdorp D, Meixner MD. A historical review of managed honey bee populations in Europe and the

United States and the factors that may affect them. J Invertebr Pathol. 2009; 103 Suppl (1): 80-95. doi:

1016/j.jip. 2009.06.011

Blacquiere T, Smagghe G, Gestel CAMV, Mommaerts V. Neonicotinoids in bees: a review on

concentrations, side-effects and risk assessment. Ecotoxicology. 2012; 21(4): 973–92. doi: 10.1007/s10646- 012-0863-x.

Thompson HM, Wilkins S, Batterby AH, Waite RJ, Wilkinson D. Modelling long-term effects of IGRs on

honey bee colonies. Pest Manag Sci. 2007; 63: 1081-4. doi: 10.1002/ps.1457, PMID: 17879960.

Aljedani DM, Almehmadi RM. Toxicity effects of Some Insecticides on the Foragers Honey bee Worker of

Local Honey bee race (Apis mellifera jemenatica). Saudi J Biol Sci. 2014; 20(5).

Aljedani DM, Almehmadi RM. Deltamethrin and Malathion insecticides residues in workers honeybees

(Apis mellifera) and its relationship to these insecticides concentrations. 2015; 26(2).

Published

2022-02-12