Determination of Job Stresses and Their Consequences in Drivers in Ilam

Authors

  • Mohsen Karchani Department of Occupational health, International Campus, TehranUniversity of Medical Science(TUMS.IC), Tehran, Iran

Keywords:

Job stress; Drivers; Human factors

Abstract

Background: Human factors cause 60-70 percent of automobile accidents. Everything related to people that is involved in and interacting with a system is considered to be a human factor. These factors can be psychological, biological, or social, and all of them can affect drivers’ behaviors. Therefore, one of the negative and unfavorable effects of these factors is that they cause accidents. According to previous research, increases in the job stresses result in increases in the the incidence of car accidents. Drivers who feel stressed often do not to observe the rules, and they may not even notice the warning signs. By measuring the job stress among drivers and its adverse effects, this research aimed to provide an appropriate managerial solution to reduce these problems.

Methods: The sample in this descriptive-analytical study consisted of 250 drivers who were selected and investigated. A job stress questionnaire was used as a means for collecting data. Health conditions were assessed by referring to clinical documents provided for the drivers. Accident data were included in the study using accident-related documentation. Two hundred and fifty drivers from Ilam, Iran participated and were analyzed in this study. This research is a cross-sectional study that was performed by dossiers and personal memoirs. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and the chi-squared test.

Results: The study showed that the main factors that cause medium- to high-level stress are the physical environment, workload and ambiguity of duties.It also showed that the incidence and severity of accidents increased as stress levels increased.

Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of job stress among drivers in Ilam. The main causes of the prevalence of stress among drivers in Ilam City are physical environment, workload and ambiguity of duties, responsibility.

References

Murphy LR. Occupational stress management: A review and appraisal. Journal of occupational psychology. 2011;57(1):1–15. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00143.x. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

Gherman EM. Stress and the bottom line: A guide to personal well being and corporate health. New York, NY: 1981. pp. 10–340. [Google Scholar]

Cascio WF. Whither industrial and organizational psychology in a changing world of work. American psychologist. 1995;50:928–39. [Google Scholar]

Hamborg K, Grief S. New technologies and stress Handbook of work and health psychology. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 1996. pp. 312–20. [Google Scholar]

Jones FI, Bright J. Stress: Myth, theory and research’. Harlow, UK: Prentice Hall; 2001. pp. 10–300. [Google Scholar]

Sperry L. Enhancing corporate health, mental health and productivity. Individual psychology. 1991;47(2):247–54. [Google Scholar]

Cooper CL, Marshall J. Stress at work. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 1978. Sources of managerial and with collar stress; pp. 81–106. [Google Scholar]

Fletcher BC. The epidemiology of occupational stress Causes, coping and consequences of stress at work. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 1988. pp. 397–405. [Google Scholar]

Cooper CL, Cooper R, Eaker L. Living with stress. London, UK: Penguin; 1988. [Google Scholar]

Alexander D, Monk JS, Jonas AP. Occupational stress, personal strain, and coping among residents and faculty members. J Med Educ. 1985;60(11):830–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Branthwaite A, Garcia S. Depression in the young unemployed and those on Youth Opportunities Schemes. British Journal of Medical Psychology. 1985;58:67–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Cox T, Griffiths A. The nature and measurement of work stress: theory and practice. In: Wilson JR, Corlett EN, editors. Evaluation of human work: a practical ergonomics methodology. London: Taylor &Francis; 1995. [Google Scholar]

Sharit J, Salvendy G. Occupational stress: Review and reappraisal. Human factors. 1982;24(2):129–62. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Caplan RD, Vinokur AD, Price RH, Van Ryn M. Job-seeking, reemployment, and mental health: A randomized field experiment in coping with job loss. Journal of Applied Psychology. 1989;74:759–69. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Kristensen OS. The unemployed and adult education: a longitudinal study of unemployed persons in adult basic education. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. 1991;35:145–59. [Google Scholar]

Simon F, Corbett C. Road traffic offending, stress, and accident history among male and female drivers. Ergonomics. 1996;39(6):757–80. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Yao SQ, Fan XY, Jin YL, Bai YP, Qu YE, Zhou Y. Effect of occupational stress on cardiovascular function of different vocational populations [Abstract only; article in Chinese] Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2003;21(1):20–22. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Yu SF, Li KR, Yang Y, Gu GZ, Ma LQ, Duan XY. The relationship between occupational stress and cardiovascular disease risk factor. 2003;21(1):12–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Jalalian M, Danial AH. Writing for academic journals: A general approach. Electronic physician. 2012;4(2):474–476. Available online at: http://www.ephysician.ir/2012/474-476.pdf. [Google Scholar]

Jalalian M. Writing an eye-catching and evocative abstract for a research article: A comprehensive and practical approach. Electronic Physician. 2012;4(3):520–524. Available online at: http://www.ephysician.ir/2012/520-524.pdf. [Google Scholar]

Published

2021-12-16